ABSTRACT
Idioscopus clypealis (Lethierry) is commonly known as mango leaf hopper. The hopper reduces mongo production by causing non setting of flower and dropping of immature fruits. The first appearance of hoppers (0.12 and 0.16) on the branches of mango trees was recorded in February which is correlated with increase in maximum (23.89 degrees C and 24.29 degrees C) and minimum temperature (11.46 degrees C and 11.88 degrees C) and decrease in relative humidity (88.15% and 86.85%). Peak hopper population (5.88 and 6.46) was recoded in May on temperature range of(40.34 degrees C and 40.88 degrees C) and (27.22 degrees C and 27.62 degrees C) as maximum and minimum, which was very high, whereas, relative humidity was very low (55.80% and 55.09%). With the increase in maximum and minimum temperature and decrease in relative humidity hopper population raised. Thus, maximum and minimum temperature positively affected the hopper population, whereas, relative humidity had negative effect, but rainfall showed no significant effect, as it was fluctuating.
Subject(s)
Animals , Hemiptera/growth & development , Humidity , India , Mangifera , Population Density , Seasons , TemperatureABSTRACT
Recognition of childhood stroke is difficult. Newer diagnostic modalities like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have made this task much easier. Head trauma usually causes hemorrhage. We are presenting seven cases of mild head injury presenting as ischamic stroke. Neuroimaging suggested infarct involving left basal ganglia and internal capsule in five and bilateral involvement in two cases. MRA done in three was normal.
Subject(s)
Brain Infarction/diagnosis , Child , Child, Preschool , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Female , Humans , Infant , Magnetic Resonance Angiography , Male , Paresis/etiologyABSTRACT
Cybil (a synthetic pyrethroid) was used to assess its impact on the reproductive success in F1 and F2 generations of wild Drosophila melanogaster. The LC50 has been estimated as 0.0267 microl/100 ml food. Reproductive success has been found to be affected in addition to fecundity and pupation following toxicity of cybil.
Subject(s)
Animals , Drosophila melanogaster/physiology , Female , Fertility/drug effects , Larva/growth & development , Lethal Dose 50 , Male , Pyrethrins/toxicityABSTRACT
Electroencephalogram (EEG) helps in diagnosing seizures and various childhood epileptic syndromes that have significant treatment implications. It represents the electric activity of the brain. Activating procedures can further increase the diagnostic yield. Besides diagnosing, it has a role in discontinuation of treatment and drug monitoring. EEG has its own limitations--it can be normal in an epileptic child and abnormal in a normal one. Electrical activity of the brain varies with age and physiological states like sleep. In neonates the background activity is much more important than epileptiform discharges unless these are repetitive and focal. Pseudo-epileptiform patterns like fourteen and six Hz activity can be confusing. Common typical epileptiform patterns seen in childhood are hypsarrhythmia in infantile spasm, burst suppression in early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, generalised 3 Hz spike wave discharges in absence seizures and periodic complexes in SSPE. EEG patterns like low voltage, electro-cerebral inactivity, multifocal spikes and excessive slow background are associated with poor outcome in neonates. Newer approaches have increased the yield and made localisation more precise. Epilepsy is a clinical diagnosis but EEG has significant role in substantiating the clinical suspicion, classification and management.